Mesolithic Research and Conservation Framework for England

The draft Mesolithic Research and Conservation Framework for England is now ready for consultation. To access the document please visit: https://sites.google.com/site/mesolithicframework/consultation-documents/research-and-conservation-framework

The document has been influenced by many sources, including the regional research frameworks and previous consultations, and is intended to be useful across all heritage sectors. It remains a working document and we would very much welcome constructive criticism, comments, further ideas and suggestions for additions, text boxes and images.

The deadline for comments is 17th May. Please send comments to:

mesolithicframework@gmail.com

We look forward to your response!

Yours,

Ed Blinkhorn

Project Manager

Developing a Mesolithic Research and Conservation Framework

HEARS Day School: Saturday 11 May 2013

Herts & Essex Architectural Society

DAY SCHOOL

Saturday 11 May  10am - 4.15

Thornwood Village Hall, Weald Hall Lane, Thornwood, Epping,  CM16 6ND.

£20, lunch and refreshments included.

Talks include:

'Art Nouveau and Art Deco in architecture and design'

Fiona Orsini, Curator RIBA Drawings and Archives Collections 

Reserve a place at the Day School by sending a cheque for £20 and a SAE to 18 Wellfields, Loughton, Essex IG10 1NX. Cheques made payable to Herts & Essex Architectural Research Society. Please mention any dietary requirements at time of booking.

The Probert Scrapbook (3): Wall Paintings

Great Chishall: copy of wall painting in 1860

One ‘discovery’ of the Probert scrapbook (now deposited in the Essex Record Office: ERO A13366) contains some reports of Meetings of the Essex Archaeological Society, text on some church refurbishments and rebuilds, and, principally, cuttings from books (Suckling, Buckler etc) and the compiler’s own sketches of Essex churches.

Essex churches were of particular interest to this gentleman.  The scrapbook includes a drawing of a wall painting in the church at Great Chishall, a village described in Kelly’s Directory of Essex (1890) as being “on the Cambridgeshire border”. (It was transferred out of Essex in 1895.)

Probert described it as a ‘Fresco painting of the Martyrdom of St Laurence discovered about ten years ago on the South Wall of the North Aisle of Gt. Chishall Church. It is now (1860) obliterated”.

Randomly opening Volume XVII of the Society’s “Transactions” (“New Series”), I found another illustration of the same image in the frontispiece with an article by the Rev. G. Montagu Benton on ‘Wall Paintings in Essex.  I. Wall-paintings formerly in the churches of Felsted and Great Chishall’.

Benton mentions in his paper that at Ingatestone a painting representing the seven deadly sins was discovered during the course of restoration in 1866.  “In this instance each sin was placed between the spokes of a large wheel, 7 feet 2 inches in diameter, in the centre of which was hell.  After much perplexity the vicar and the churchwardens of the time decided to cover up this picture”.  As a youngster growing up in the parish during the 1970s I remember the Rector of the time – Canon Edward Hudson – telling the story to us as schoolchildren.  An hour-glass holder of a later age – of equal interest – covers its site on the north wall by the pulpit. 

In October 2010 members of the local branch of the NADFAS held a couple of meetings at St Edmund and St Mary Church to explain some of the things they had discovered during the course of recording the interior of Ingatestone Church.  The present Rector – Revd. Patrick Sherring – displayed a framed drawing of the ‘Seven Deadly Sins’ which had been given to him only in the last two to three years.  It is an original made at the time of the 1866 restoration, and is accompanied by the narrative which appeared in the Essex Archaeological Society’s ‘Transactions’ Volume IV (“Old Series”).  I was pleased to go to the Essex Record Office and find on its bookshelves a copy of the same, and the copy of the current Rector’s acquisition beautiful represented.

The Great Chishall painting was destroyed, according to Benton, but the Ingatestone painting is preserved. If hidden from view. At least the Rector and the Society has copies and I hope that one day it may be made available to all to see on the Internet.

Andrew Smith

Essex's Industrial Archaeology. New sub-group of ESAH to be launched at one day event on Saturday 6 July 2013

Since large-scale industrialisation began in the eighteenth century, industrial development has had a huge influence on the way people have lived.  Essex is often overlooked as an industrial county, but industry is a fascinating aspect of the county's past.  This one-day conference will take a look at the industries which sprang up here, and the impact they had on local people's lives, and will also include the launch of a new industrial archaeology sub-group of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History. 

Essex Record Office, Wharf Road, Chelmsford

Saturday 6 July 2013, 9.30am to 4.00pm

Tickets £15 including buffet lunch and refreshments

Please book in advance by telephoning 01245 244614

ESAH160: ESAH Forum. 'The Wonderful World of Disney: Collec...

ESAH160: ESAH Forum. 'The Wonderful World of Disney: Collec...: The Hyde, Ingatestone, one-time home of the Disney family (destroyed by fire 1965) An Essex History event, this time in Ipswich.  UCS...

Rudge Memorial Lecture: Monday 13 May 2013

Notice of lecture on the archaeology of the River Thames: 13 May 2013, Woodford Green

ESAH News: Editor of Transactions

Chris Starr, who has ably edited the annual volumes of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History's 'Transactions' has stepped down from the role.  The Society is very grateful for his work over the years. The search is on for another Honorary Editor. In the meantime, any articles for inclusion in the Transactions should in the first instance be submitted to Mark Davies, gmarkrdavies@btinternet.com until an editor is appointed.

Pleshey Castle, Essex. First Interim Report, 1960

Pleshey Castle First Interim Report, 1960

By Philip A Rahtz

“This report (35 pages) summarises the history of the Castle and its previous exploration, and describes the first season of excavation by the Essex Archaeological Society in 1959.  Cuttings were made through the west end of the Upper Bailey, which revealed foundations and occupation debris of the twelfth to sixteenth centuries.”

Published by the Essex Archaeological Society in the Museum in the Castle, Colchester

Price: £3.00 including postage & packaging from our Online Bookshop.

The Probert Scrapbook (2): Churches

High Ongar, before Victorian rebuilding.
If the sketch is accurate then it once had a lofty spire,
higher than Doddinghurst or Shenfield

More about the Probert Scrapbook now deposited at the Essex Record Office (ERO A13366).

The Essex Archaeological Society (now the Essex Society for Archaeology and History) has a long history, stretching back to 1852.  The passing of time means that over the many years the Society has not only published thousands of pages of historic interest through its own ‘Transactions’ but accumulated many publications left by former members, probably upon their demise.  The office contains a treasure trove of material which has quietly languished there, some in need of viewing by a wider audience, some which needs to be retained and another larger proportion which needs to be sold or disposed. All have gathered dust!

One ‘discovery’ was a scrapbook owned or compiled by a Victorian member of the Society named C K Probert.  It contains some reports of Society Meetings (today called ‘Excursions’), text on some church refurbishments and rebuilds, and, principally, cuttings from books (Suckling, Buckler) and the compiler’s own sketches of Essex churches.

The Essex churches are of particular interest.  In my local area there are sketches of High Ongar and Bobbingworth (churches before “Victorianisation”.  I was aware that Bobbingworth once had a timber bell tower but the sketch confirms that it had, like High Ongar, at least a timber belfry.  These structures were considerable out of vogue in mid Victorian Essex.  Alfred Suckling (1845) refers to Blackmore’s magnificent three-tier bell tower as being an “inelegant spire”.

St Germain, Bobbingworth was rebuilt in 1841. 

Doorway at High Ongar Church

St Mary’s High Ongar was largely rebuilt in 1858 but still possesses the fine Norman doorway below the Victorian tower.

The passing of about 150 years has discoloured the drawings: the paste used to stick the pictures into the scrapbook having aged.  However, this is the first time I have seen drawings of two local churches prior to restoration and, given the quality and proportionality of the other sketches I have reason to believe that these are faithful reproductions – and that these might be the only surviving representations.

Bibliography:

Pevsner / Bettley: The Buildings of England. Essex (Yale, 2007)

Suckling, Rev Alfred. Memorials of the antiquities and architecture family history and heraldry of the County of Essex (John Weale, London, 1845)

Blackmore Area Local History: Blackmore: Bull Planning Application

Blackmore Area Local History: Blackmore: Bull Planning Application: View of The Bull from the green which could be lost if plans go ahead to build semi detached house in beer garden Proposals to buil...

Pleshey Castle is next Society visit

Members of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History will be visiting Pleshey Castle on Saturday 18 May 2013.  Those who attend will receive a complimentary copy of an archaeological report published in 1960 on excavations carried out by the Society in the previous year (then named the Essex Archaeological Society). 

Copies of this publication are also available from our Online Bookshop.

Essex Society For Archaeology and History Website Updated

A number of changes have been made to our website ahead of a major upgrade.  The amendments include links to this blog.

Publications page: http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/esah/publications.asp

Publications Page

The Essex Society for Archaeology and History is in the process of upgrading its website.  In the meantime a blog has been created ( http://www.esah160.blogspot.co.uk ) giving a range of information.  We have also opened a Twitter account (https://twitter.com/ESAH160 ).

Information on ‘Publications’ can be found by following the links below.

Transactions of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History

The publication is now in its fourth series. 

To view the Contents of all Transactions since 1858 go to: http://www.esah160.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/Transactions

For specific items use the ‘search’ facility on http://www.esah160.blogspot.co.uk

Occasional Papers

For information relating to the Society’s Occasional Papers go to http://www. esah160.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/Occasional%20Papers

Feet of Fines

For information relating to ‘Feet of Fines’ go to http://www.esah160.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/Feet%20of%20Fines

Online Bookshop

To purchase back numbers of any of the above we have an Online Bookshop.  The Society is also selling a number of new and secondhand non ESAH publications at very low prices which it does require for accession to its Library.  Our Online Bookshop page is currently hosted by the Blackmore Area Local History website and may be visited by following this link:  http://www.blackmorehistory.co.uk/esah.html

Publications and Research Fund

The Publications and Research Fund supports the publication of articles in each Volume of Transactions as well as Occasional Papers.  Donations are placed in an inalienable account, which cannot be spent.  It is the Interest thereon which is distributed by awards granted by our Council.  As at December 2011 the projected value of the fund (including interest) stands at £50,018.  Donations payable to the Essex Society for Archaeology and History by cash / cheques; Gift Aid Schemes, ‘In Memoriam’ Donations; Bequests by Wills; donations of acceptable books.  Please address enquiries to our Treasurer.

Secondly, to the Programme page:  http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/esah/programme.asp

Programme Page

Information on ‘Programme of Meetings ’ can be found by following this link: http://www.esah160.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/ESAH%20Programme%20of%20Meetings

Thirdly, the Links page:  http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/esah/Links.asp

SEAX (Essex Archives Online)

Essex University

Visit Beeleigh Abbey

Adam Nicholson presented a new series on BBC FOUR last night entitled 'The Century That Wrote Itself'.  The series of three is devoted to the era of writing during the seventeenth century.  At the top of the programme there were scenes of Beeleigh Abbey, near Maldon. The gardens are open to the public occasionally during the summer months. 

To view the programme visit http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01rvzts/The_Century_that_Wrote_Itself_The_Written_Self/

To find out about visiting the gardens go to http://www.visitmaldon.co.uk/beeleigh-abbey/

Transactions Dispatch from Roman Circus House

The Colchester Archaeological Trust generously allowed their premises in the town to be used as the base for dispatch of the Transactions of the Essex Society for Archaeology and History a couple of weeks ago.  

Roman Circus House is the new home of the Trust adjacent to the town's Roman Circus which was discovered in 2004.  Members of the Society were engaged in packaging etc having taken delivery of a number of boxes on site from the printers.  For more read the item placed on the Colchester Archaeologist: http://www.thecolchesterarchaeologist.co.uk/?p=4232

The Probert Scrapbook (1): Its Rediscovery

Bobbingworth Church - before the Victorian rebuild

The Essex Society for Archaeology and History has recently deposited in the Essex Record Office a scrapbook of Essex church drawings and photographs by the Victorian, Charles Probert. 

ERO A13366 is described as an “Album of cuttings, prints, photographs and drawings relating to Essex churches and especially to their restoration, compiled in the 1850s perhaps by T J Griffinhoofe, and formerly in the possession of Charles K Probert of Newport (bookplate).   [Revd Thomas J Griffinhoofe was Vicar of Arkesden from 1859 until his death in 1869, having previously served there as curate under his father.  When proving his father’s will in 1859 he was described as being ‘of Newport’].”

Andrew Smith reported on its rediscovery in 2011 in the Newsletter (in an item on ‘Wall Paintings’) and in the following edition gave information from two lead members of the Society as follows: 

Dr Michael Leach and Dr James Bettley advised that CKP on the bookplate is C.K. Probert of Newport (1820-1887).  Probert was an early member of the Society, an antiquary and collector.  The Society's printed library catalogue of 1923 lists MS items described as the Probert Collection ('Chas K Probert, Newport, Essex Nov 24 1883 written on the inner cover'). These were rough notes about 48 churches. The catalogue indicates that they formed the basis of 12 MS volumes which were bequeathed to the British Museum in 1889.  His papers may be consulted at the British Library and College of Arms (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P23530).

Dr James Bettley has looked at the scrapbook in more detail.  It dates from the second half of the 1850s through to 1885, and begins by concentrating on parishes in the north west of the county.  Of particular interest are the sketches of churches made before the Victorian restorers appeared on the scene.  For example, Bobbingworth (illustrated) shows the timber bell tower prior to restoration in 1841, and St Mary’s, High Ongar with a belfry and tall and slender spire before much rebuilding in 1858.

Dr James Bettley adds: “Apart from the Suckling/Buckler cuttings, I thought it the single most useful source on 19th century church restoration in Essex that I have come across – the sketches and photos of churches before they were restored provide very valuable evidence.  I was surprised to find, when I compared some of the photos of Radwinter, that the very photos in the scrapbook were used to illustrate A Deuce of an Uproar, where they are credited to Probert – so someone knew of this resource and used it in the 1980s”.

Having deposited the scrapbook further information has just come to light.  While sorting through an old filing cabinet in the Librarian’s office Andrew discovered a handwritten index of the scrapbook’s contents written on scrap paper dating from the late 1970s.   This has now been transcribed and will be passed to the Essex Record Office for suggested addition to the catalogue entry on SEAX.  It will also be posted on ESAH160 at the end of this series.

Visit to Colchester Castle

Interior of Colchester Castle - showing two building phases.

Last but by no means least, the Essex Society for Archaeology and History was today given a guided tour of the empty shell of Colchester Castle - stripped of its museum artefacts ahead of a major refit.  Over the last month the Castle has been the venue for a Craft Fayre, Lecture, Concert, Beer Festival, a Zombie event and a symposium which has reevaluated and reinterpreted the history of the castle building.. 

The Castle was built in two distinct phases, with the second being constructed with walls in herring bone fashion. 

A short video gives an overall impression of the structure. 

A fuller report of the Society's visit will appear on this site in due course.

Backyard Songs of Spiers & Boden and Potipher's Apprentices - 15 April 2013

Colchester Folk Club plays host to Spiers and Boden (John Spiers and Jon Boden) on 15 April when these two talented musicians perform their ‘Backyard Songs’ tour.  They are supported by a trio of singers called ‘Potiphar’s Apprentices’ who sing the folk songs collected by Ralph Vaughan Williams in Essex in the early twentieth century.  

The Folk Club meets at Colchester Arts Centre, the former St Mary at the Walls Church in the town.

Potiphar’s Apprentice

Charles Potiphar (or Potipher), an Ingrave labourer, died in 1909.  He is remembered specifically for being the first person from whom Ralph Vaughan Williams collected – i.e. noted down – his first of a collection of folk songs: ‘Bushes and Briars’.

Potiphar was born in South Weald, married in Ingatestone and later moved to Ingrave. He was a local man.  He is buried in an unmarked grave in Ingrave churchyard.

The visit by Ralph Vaughan Williams to a humble labourer’s cottage on 4^th December 1903 ignited the composer’s passion for folk song.  He came on a 10-day cycling tour of Ingrave, Willingale, Little Burstead, East Horndon and Billericay the following year to collect further examples – over 100 from Essex - and visited many places in southern England and East Anglia in order to “give them back to the world”.

In June 1909 ‘Potiphar’s Apprentices’, a trio of local folk musicians (John and Sue Cubbin and Adrian May) brought back to Ingrave Church Hall the story and songs collected from Charles Potipher and others.  Sue Cubbin, who used to work at the Essex Record Office, mounted an exhibition in Chelmsford dedicated to Vaughan Williams’ visits to Essex (2003) and wrote the book of the exhibition entitled ‘A Precious Legacy’ (2006).  The audience in the Church Hall heard a number of songs including:

-          ‘Poacher’s Song’

-          ‘I’m A Stranger’, collected from Mrs Humphries whose father and grand-father lived in Blackmore

-          ‘Bold Turpin’, an 18^th century ballad commemorating the deeds of the Essex highwayman, Dick Turpin

-          ‘Lay Still My Fond Shepherd’, which otherwise is known as ‘Lark In The Morning’

-          ‘In Jessie’s City’, the sad ballad of a maid who became pregnant by a postman boy – the tune of which later was used as the setting of the hymn ‘It is a thing most wonderful’ (Herongate) when Vaughan Williams edited the English Hymnal (1906)

-          ‘The Sheffield Apprentice’, used again in the English Hymnal for the setting of the tune of ‘There’s a friend for little children’ (Ingrave)

-          ‘Bushes and Briars’, the first song collected from Vaughan Williams at Potiphar’s home. 

Since then Potiphar’s Apprentices have had gigs at a number of places and have just launched their second recording, ‘Life in the Old Dog’, which makes reference to the Old Dog Public House at East Horndon, as a follow up to ‘Return to Ingrave’.

Vaughan Williams and Essex

Although Vaughan Williams never lived in Essex we can claim that this county had a major influence on his musical output.

Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958) was born in Down Ampney, Gloucestershire.  He studied at the Royal College of Music at a time when English music was popular in “the organ loft and the festival platform rather than the stage” [Day, p8].  His tutor Charles Stanford had failed at opera whilst Arthur Sullivan was succeeding at operetta, but then this was not considered serious music. 

Looking for a musical style, Vaughan Williams became interested in folk song.  The Folk Song Society had been formed in 1898 but was struggling despite Stanford being its Vice President.  Cecil Sharp declared in 1904 that it was necessary to “get out into the field and listen to what the country folk had to sing” [Day, p18] rather than endlessly discuss the merits on folk song in London. 

Vaughan Williams heartily agreed with Sharp’s views and had already been working separately from the Society, giving lectures on folk music across England and at the Montpelier House School for Girls (later renamed Brentwood County High School) in Brentwood (Essex).  He described folk music in 1902 as “real music”. “What we need in England, is real music, even if it be only a music-hall song. Provided it possess real feeling and real life, it will be worth all the off scourings of the classics in the world” [Heffer, p22]. 

Vaughan Williams’ lectures at Brentwood had inspired one of the pupils, Georgina Heatley.  After the final lecture she handed him a piece of paper with songs sung by one of the housemaids at her home, which was the Rectory at Ingrave.  Georgina suggested that much folk song was rendered, but was unrecorded. With it came an invitation from her father to attend a Parish Tea, which he accepted.  At the tea was a 75 year old labourer (a shepherd) by the name of Charles Potipher, dressed in his Sunday best, and probably not comfortable with attending such functions above his station in life at the Rectory.  In any case “the old songs he knew were about young love and sex, taboo subjects in the oppressive Victorian atmosphere of the rectory” [Kent, p161].  He was reluctant to sing to Vaughan Williams at tea but promised that if the composer visited his cottage the following day he would sing for him.

So it was that on 4^th December 1903 that VW collected his first folk song from Charles Potipher.  This visit to a humble labourer’s cottage ignited the composer’s passion for folk song.  In 1904, Vaughan Williams came on a 10-day cycling tour of Ingrave, Willingale, Little Burstead, East Horndon and Billericay collecting further examples.  In January 1905 he collected songs from around the Kings Lynn district of Norfolk and whilst on holiday in Sussex and Yorkshire later that year.  In 1906 he visited Samuel Childs at the Bell, Willingale, noting down ‘Sweet Primroses’.  Vaughan Williams earnestly believed that if these songs were not noted down they might be lost forever.  Vaughan Williams became one of the greatest folk song collectors of the early twentieth century.  It inspired the writing of his three ‘Norfolk Rhapsodies’ and ‘In the Fen Country’.

Ralph Vaughan Williams jotted the folk songs using pencil and paper.  He later made some wax cylinder recordings.  One singer was Mrs Humphries, also of Ingrave, who recorded ‘Bushes and Briars’.  She had heard her father and grand-father sing this while a youngster living at Blackmore (Essex).

While this mammoth project was in its early stages, Percy Dreamer approached Vaughan Williams to edit a new hymn book.  His name had been recommended by Cecil Sharp and Canon Scott Holland.  Intended to be a short task it absorbed VW who spent £250 out of his own pocket and took two years.  The result was the ‘English Hymnal’ published in 1906.  Folk song tunes were included as musical accompaniment to sacred words: ‘Monks Gate’ was a tune Vaughan Williams had collected from a place near Horsham.  The famous ‘To Be A Pilgrim’ is set to the tune ‘The Captain’s Apprentice’.

The English Hymnal draws on a wide range of musical styles but as he wrote in the Preface, “where there is congregational singing it is important that familiar melodies should be employed”.  Tunes were written based on folk songs collected:  ‘I think when I read the story of old’ was set to a tune named ‘East Horndon’; ‘There’s a friend for little children’ to the tune ‘Ingrave’ and, the most familiar of the three still sung today, ‘It is a thing most wonderful’ set to a tune ‘Herongate’.

“On 4^th August 1914 war was declared on Germany, and Vaughan Williams, like the heroes in many of the folk songs he loved so much, felt his duty to enlist as a soldier” [Day, p29]. 

Charles Potipher died in 1909 and is buried in an unmarked grave in Ingrave churchyard.  In early 2001, Brentwood Borough Council decided to commemorate him in the naming of a road on the then new Clements Park estate – Potipher Way.  Other roads were named in remembrance of the Vaughan Williams connection, for example, Vaughan Williams Way, Pastoral Way (after his third symphony).

Three years before his death, in 1955, Vaughan Williams revisited Brentwood and recalled his first visit to the town which had had such a profound effect on his music.

In 2003, to mark the centenary of Vaughan Williams’ visit to Ingrave, the Essex Record Office mounted an excellent exhibition entitled ‘That precious legacy’ commemorating the composer and folk singing.  The exhibition led to the publication of a book by Sue Cubbins, sound archivist, and is highly recommended for further reading.

Bibliography

The English Hymnal (1906)

Cubbins, Sue.  That Precious Legacy.  Ralph Vaughan Williams and Essex Folksong (Essex Record Office, 2006)

Day, James.  Vaughan Williams (Dent & Sons, London, 1972)

Heffer, Simon.  Vaughan Williams (Phoenix, 2000)

Kent, Sylvia.  Folklore In Essex (Tempus, 2005)

Brentwood Gazette. 4 January 2001. 8 August 2003.

(The majority of this item has previously been published on the blog of Blackmore Area Local History)

Transactions Contents: 'Series 4' Volume 2

New Publication just issued

Essex Society for Archaeology and History
Transactions.  Fourth Series.  Volume 2 (2011)
(260 pages)

Contents
John S Appleby F.R.Hist.S., F.R.Met.S (1925-2011):  David J Appleby
High living at Monks Warren: a North-East London landscape from the Mesolithic to the Modern Period:  Alice Lyons
Excavations of a Late Prehistoric and Medieval Site at Maltings Academy, Spinks Lane, Witham, 2009-2011:  Sian Reynolds
Othona: Roman extra-mural activity at the Othona Community site, Bradwell-on-Sea:  Phillippa  Sparrow
Saxon fishtraps in the Blackwater Estuary, Essex: monitoring survey at Collins Creek, Pewet Island and The Nass 2003-2007:  E M Heppell
Investigations on the medieval defences of Walden Castle, Saffron Walden 2005-2009:  Trevor Ennis
Medieval occupation in Maldon, Essex: excavations at 127-129 High Street, 2007:  Tim Carew, Chris Clarke & Dan Eddisford
Was there an anchoress at Colne Priory?:  Cate Gunn
A medieval site at Chipping Ongar: excavations at Banson’s Lane, 1998:  Trevor Ennis
Fortification Wood, Navestock – Reviewed:  Peter D R Sharp & Michael Leach
The Prittlewell chest panels and a group of English church chests decorated with tracery and bestiaries:  David Sherlock
‘The Weaker Vessel’?  How Essex court records challenge commonly-held beliefs about the subordinate early modern woman:  Alice Violett
What did Thomas Plume think about witchcraft? Reconstructing intellectual outlook of a little-known 17^th century English sceptic:  Alison Rowlands  (view online: http://www.thomasplumeslibrary.co.uk/news-events/the-plume-lecture/what-did-thomas-plume-think-about-witchcraft/  )
Medieval and post-medieval remains including a late 17^th / early 18^th century brick kiln at Legg Street, Chelmsford:  Neil Hawkins & Berni Sudds
Archaeology in Essex 2010:  Sue Tyler
Shorter Notes:
A Neolithic partly-polished flint axe-head from Hutton, Brentwood:  Hazel Martingell
A Scandinavian traded flint axe?:  Hazel Martingell
An unusual brooch and the problem of provenance in the study of Anglo-Saxon Colchester:  Philip Wise
Book reviews:
The Roman Town of Great Chesterford:  Nick Wickenden
The Harlow Pottery Industries:  Howard Brooks
Great Excavations: Shaping the Archaeological Profession:  Maria Medlycott
Tides and Floods: New Research on London and the Tidal Thames from the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century:  James A Galloway
Essex bibliography:  Paul R Sealey

Online Bookshop - Bookstall at Castle Methodist Church, Maidenburgh Street, Colchester, Saturday 6 April 2013

Members of the public are welcome to come to the Castle Methodist Church, Maidenburgh Street, Colchester, between 12 noon and 4pm on Saturday 6 April 2013 to find out about the Essex Society for Archaeology and History and visit our bookstall.  (Members of the Society are visiting Colchester Castle that afternoon.)

Books for sale will include items listed in the table below - at heavily reduced prices (not those mentioned below) - plus a number of boxes containing items not previously listed.

Title	Items available, which we are happy  to sell individually	Price (including Postage & Packaging by Royal Mail to UK address - unless otherwise stated)
Ref:  CC1* Antiquity A quarterly review of World Archaeology. "Our field is the Earth, our range in time a million years or so, our subject the human race".  OGS Crawford founder of Antiquity in his first edition in 1927. The 'Antiquity' website holds a contents list of all back numbers.  The site also has a fine search facility for keywords. Some references to 'Essex' included in our listing.	Vol. 2 No. 5 (Mar 1928), Vol. 2 No. 6 (June 1928), Vol. 2 No. 7 (Sep 1928), Vol. 2 No. 8 (Dec 1928), Vol. 3 No. 9 (Mar 1929)[Essex reference: 'The Earliest Christian Church in England (Bradwell-on-Sea)], Vol. 3 No. 10 (Jun 1929), Vol. 3 No. 11 (Sep 1929),Vol. 3 No. 12 (Dec 1929), Vol. 4 No. 13 (Mar 1930), Vol. 4 No. 14 (Jun 1930)[Essex reference: 'The sword bearers'], Vol. 4 No. 15 (Sep 1930)[Essex reference: 'Notes & News' (Mersea Island)], Vol. 4 No. 16 (Dec 1930), Vol. 5 No. 17 (Mar 1931),Vol. 5 No. 18 (Jun 1931), Vol. 36 No. 143 (Sep 1962), Vol. 37 No. 145 (Mar 1963) [2 copies], Vol. 37 No. 146 (Jun 1963), Vol. 37 No. 147 (Sep 1963), Vol. 37 No. 148 (Dec 1963) [2 copies], Vol. 38 No. 149 (Mar 1964) [2 copies][Essex reference: 'The Tal-y-lln Hoard'], Vol. 38 No. 150 (June 1964), Vol. 38 No. 151 (Sep 1964), Vol. 38 No. 152 (Dec 1964), Vol. 39 No. 153 (Mar 1965) [2 copies], Vol. 39 No. 154 (Jun 1965), Vol. 39 No. 155 (Sep 1965) [2 copies], Vol. 39 No. 156 (Dec 1965) [2 copies], Vol. 40 No. 157 (Mar 1966) [2 copies], Vol. 40 No. 158 (Jun 1966) [2 copies], Vol. 40 No. 159 (Sep 1966) [2 copies], Vol. 40 No. 160 (Dec 1966), Vol. 41 No. 161 (Mar 1967), Vol. 41 No. 162 (Jun 1967), Vol. 41 No. 163 (Sep 1967), Vol. 41 No. 164 (Dec 1967), Vol. 42 No. 165 (Mar 1968), Vol. 42 No. 166 (Jun 1968), Vol. 42 No. 167 (Sep 1968), Vol. 42 No. 168 (Dec 1968), Vol. 43 No. 169 (Mar 1969), Vol. 43 No. 170 (Jun 1969), Vol. 43 No. 171 (Sep 1969) [2 copies], Vol. 43 No. 172 (Dec 1969), Vol. 44 No. 173 (Mar 1970), Vol. 44 No. 174 (Jun 1970), Vol. 44 No. 175 (Sep 1970) [2 copies], Vol. 44 No. 176 (Dec 1970), Vol. 45 No. 177 (Mar 1971) [2 copies], Vol. 45 No. 178 (Jun 1971) [2 copies], Vol. 45 No. 179 (Sep 1971) [2 copies], Vol. 45 No. 180 (Dec 1971), Vol. 46 No. 181 (Mar 1972), Vol. 46 No. 182 (Jun 1972), Vol. 46 No. 183 (Sep 1972) [2 copies], Vol. 46 No. 184 (Dec 1972) [2 copies], Vol. 47 No. 185 (Mar 1973) [2 copies], Vol. 47 No. 186 (Jun 1973), Vol. 47 No. 187 (Sep 1973) [2 copies], Vol. 47 No. 188 (Dec 1973), Vol. 48 No. 189 (Mar 1974), Vol. 48 No. 190 (Jun 1974), Vol. 48 No. 191 (Sep 1974), Vol. 48 No. 192 (Dec 1974), Vol. 49 No. 193 (Mar 1975), Vol. 49 No. 194 (Jun 1975) [2 copies], Vol. 49 No. 195 (Sep 1975) [2 copies][Essex reference: 'Causewayed camp'], Vol. 49 No. 196 (Dec 1975), Vol. 50 No. 197 (Mar 1976), Vol. 50 No. 198 (Jun 1976), Vol. 50 No. 199,/200 (Sep 1976), Vol. 51 No. 201 (Mar 1977), Vol. 51 No. 202 (Jul 1977), Vol. 51 No. 203 (Nov 1977), Vol. 52 No. 204 (Mar 1978), Vol. 52 No. 205 (Jul 1978), Vol. 52 No. 206 (Nov 1978), Vol, 53 No. 207 (Mar 1979), Vol. 53 No. 208 (Jul 1979), Vol. 53 No. 209 (Nov 1979), Vol. 54 No. 210 (Mar 1980), Vol. 54 No. 211 (Jul 1980), Vol. 54 No. 212 (Nov 1980), Vol. 55 No. 213 (Mar 1981) [2 copies], Vol. 55 No. 214 (Jul 1981) [2 copies], Vol. 55 No. 215 (Nov 1981) [2 copies], Vol. 55 No. 216 (Mar 1982) [2 copies], Vol. 55 No. 217 (Jul 1982), Vol. 55 No. 218 (Nov 1982), Vol. 58 No. 224 (Nov 1984), Vol. 59 No. 225 (Mar 1985), Vol. 59 No. 226 (Jul 1985), Vol. 59 No. 227 (Nov 1985), Vol. 60 No. 228 (Mar 1986)[Essex ref: 'Notes and News'], Vol. 60 No. 229 (Jul 1986), Vol. 60 No. 230 (Nov 1986), Vol. 61 No. 231 (Mar 1987), Vol. 61 No. 232 (Jul 1987), Vol. 61 No. 233 (Nov 1987), Vol. 62 No. 234 (Mar 1988), Vol. 62 No. 235 (Jun 1988), Vol. 62 No. 236 (Sep 1988) [2 copies] Vol. 62 No. 237 (Dec 1988), Vol. 62 No. 238 (Mar 1989), Vol. 62 No. 239 (Jun 1989), Vol. 62 No. 240 (Sep 1989), Vol. 62 No. 241 (Dec 1989), Vol. 63 No. 242 (Mar 1990), Vol. 63 No. 243 (Jun 1990), Vol. 63 No. 244 (Sep 1990), Vol. 63 No. 245 (Dec 1990).	25p each pluspostage and packagingBuy a copy or make enquiry
Ref:  CA1* Archaeological Journal published by the Royal Archaeological Institute	Vols 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141	£7.00 each
Ref:  CA2* Archaeological Journal	Vols 122-132 (1965-75) [i.e.  122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132]	£7.00 each
Ref: CB1* Berkshire Archaeological Journal published by the Berkshire Archaeological Society	Vols 34 pt 2 (1930) - 75 [i.e. 34pt2, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75	25p each pluspostage and packaging Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref: CA3* Berkshire Archaeological Journal published by the Berkshire Archaeological Society	Vols 58 (1960) – 71 (1981/2) [i.e. 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71]	25p each pluspostage and packaging
Ref:  CJ1 Britannia published by the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies	Vols 1-17 excluding vol 12 & 15 [i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17] Index for vols 1-10	£10.00 each Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref:  CA4* Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology	Nos 2-7 (1959-67), 8-12 (1968-75) [i.e. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]	£3.00 each
Ref:  CA5* Cornish Archaeologypublished by the CornwallArchaeological Society Contents list	Nos 23-27 (1984-88) [i.e. 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]	£2.50 each (Special Offer: £10.00 the lot)
Ref:  CZ1 Current Archaeology	7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27-106*, 108, 113, 115-139** CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGY 1-120 Contents by issue (added to this page 16.2.13) 7 Greece 9 Aldwincle, Hereford, Jersey, South Witham, Winchester, Wroxeter 12 Aldingham, Dun Lagaidh, Sparsholt, Stone Circles, Sulgrave, Walesland Rath, York 13 Germany 14 Beakers, Burnswark, Burradon, Gomeldon, Keston, Pilsden Pen, Walsh report, Wroxeter 15 Hadrians Wall, Special issue 16 Faxton, Fyfield Down, Godrnanchester, Instant Archaeology, Lundy, Megalithic Enquiries 17 Danebury, Fengate, Garton Slack, Ipswich, Marden, South Cadbury, Southampton, Winchester, York 19 Breiddin, Bronze Age, Darenth, Faversham Abbey, London, North Elmham 20 Dorchester, Iron Age, Latimer, Winchester 22 Ireland Special issue 23 Barford, Cadcong, Chesterholm, Danebury, Mount Pleasant, South Cadbury, Vindolanda, Winchester, Wroxeter 24 Ascott-under-Wychwood, Ballynagilly, Lunt, Oxford, Rescue 27 Isle of Man, Lockleys, Glastonbury, Mam Tor, Yorkshire 28 Barburgh Mill, Dalladies, Deerhurst, Dover, Laneba. Lunt, Norton Fitzwarren 29 Cirencester, Lochmaben, Mosaics, Tamworth 30 Danebury, Education, Portchester, Rivenhall, Treasure Hunting, Waulud's Bank 31 Roman pottery, special issue, Norton Priory 32 Cullykhan, Earls Barton, Erosion of History, Itford Hill, Rhuddlan, Tewkesbury 33 Breiddin, Doncaster, Hereford, Schools, Winter Digging with RAG 34 Chambered tombs in Scotland: special issue 35 Oxfordshire: special issue, Church Archaeology, Girona 36 Duntreath, Little Waltham, North Elmham, Public archeology, Rams Hill, Rivenhall 37 Chalton, Crickley Hill, Moel y Gaer, Stippling, Tree ring dating, York 38 Darent Valley, Dover, Moated Sites, Somerset levels, Whither science? 39 Exeter, Crones W F, Mote of Mark, Wroxeter 40 Dalgety, Nautical Antiquities, Piercebridge, Trethurgy, West Stow 41 Artist and Reconstruction, Chelmsford, Garden Hill 42 Bearsden, Before Civilization, Cirencester, Ordnance Survey, Rams Hill, State Archaeology Service 43 Are Roman Bronzes Brass?, Colchester, Liddle Farm, Norton Priory, Professional Institution, Vindolanda 44 Cam Euny, CSE Archaeology, Lunt, Norfolk Archaeological Unit 45 Beckford, Cirencester, Farmoor, Gems in Roman Britain, Lunt, Lymm 46 Corbridge, Fengate, Neolithic Revolution, Northampton 47 Bedfordshire, Carn Brea, Hadstock 48 Hambledon, Kelvedon, Mesolithic, Norwich 49 Briar Hill, Catholme, London, Stamford, Wharram Percy 50 Bothwellhaugh, Calais Wold, Camelon, Ilchester, Meldon Bridge, Mucking, York 51 Broome Heath, Frere report. Garton Slack, Hoxne, Pen y Wyrlod 52 Bothwellhaugh, Cow's Roast, Foxholes, Harps and lyres, Native Towns of Roman Britain, Somerset levels 53 Biglands, Bishopstone, Canterbury, Lead-glazed ware, Lincoln, London kilns, Wales, Watercrook 54 Aldermaston, Alice Holt, Aqueducts, Kenya and Iron Age Britain, Mesolithic - or Neothermal?, Mount Sandel, Oronsay, Silt dating, Water Newton 55 Bearsden, Brenig, Crarnond, Dartmoor reaves, Grimes Graves, Piercebridge 56 Ancient Monuments, Dover, Gloucester, Goltho, Quoyscottie, St. Albans Abbey 57 Dover, London, Stone axes 58 Briar Hill, Christchurch, Crickley Hill, Hambledon Hill, M3, Mirrors, Offham Hill, Orsett, York 59 Catholme, Chalton, Cramond, London, Mount Sandel, St. Albans Abbey 60 Hampstead Heath, Hastings, Lockleys, Offa's Dyke, Severn and Avon, Waltham Abbey 61 Cambridge, Iron Age, Links of Noltland, Ribblehead, South Lodge, Stone Axes, Wetwang Slack 62 Antonine Wall, Canterbury, Croy Hill, Hayling Island, Seabegs Wood, Usk 63 Oxfordshire special issue, Broomhill, How to finish an excavation, Lincoln, Lunt 64 Alice Holt, Callanish, Cider making, Elstow, Halstock, Jurassic Spine, Otterb= 65 Boat finds on land, Dinorben, Later Bronze Age, London, Scord of Brouster 66 Dublin, London, Newmill, Odell, Sampling, Sheffield 67 Later bronze Age: special issue, Billingborough, Black Patch, Dartmoor Reaves, Down Farm, South Lodge, Thwing 68 Antiquities Bill, Carlisle, Egharn, Newbarn Down, Norwich, Runnymede bridge 69 Broomhill, Dunstable, Kingscote, Northavon, Nottingham, Pillboxes 70 Balbridie, Dinorben, Norton Priory, Quangos: massacred, Sampling and Animal Bones, Societies: County and Local, Two Neolithics? 71 Boudica, Briar Hill, Great Linford, Mosaics in Danger, Postmills, Two Neolithics? 72 Balbridie ... and Doon Hill, Barnsley Park, Chilgrove, Colchester, Fisherwick 73 Bury Hill, Dendrochronology, Howe, London, Wells 74 Aerial Photography, Cumberland Coast, Dyffryn Ogwen, Surrey houses, Trent, Yorkshire 75 Ashton, Bagendon, Bath, Caerleon, Capel Eithin, Carlisle, Carsington, Claydon Pike, Cold Knap, Hirsel, Raunds, Silchester, Wells 76 Beverley Minster, Crickley Hill, Dendro-dates, Devil's Hill, Dun Briste, Hambledon, Lydney Park, West Heslerton, Wetwang Slack, Withington, York 77 Beauport Park, Hibaldstow, Meare, Metal detectors at Maxey, Nantwich, Iron working 78 Barton on Humber, Birmingham's Bronze Age, Strathallan, Trelystan 79 Dumbarton, Dundurn, DunoHie, Eaton, Hamwic, Northampton, Sproxton, St. Abb's Head 80 Ancient Monuments, Canterbury, Dendro-dates, Littlecote, Norwich, Tarrant Hinton, Wharram Percy 81 Cowbridge, La Rochefoucauld, Leicester, Leprosy, Rhuddlan, Stonea, Thetford, Wessex round barrows 82 Bearsden, Castel Henllys, Drim, Pembrokeshire, Piddington, Silchester, St. Ishmaels, Stackpole Warren, Standing stones 83 Achrnore, Arran, Lincoln, London 84 Balfarg and Balbirnie, Chester, Nether Kinneil, Somerset levels, Strichen 85 Dunston's Clump, Cesspits, Northampton, Pompeii, Roman Wall-plaster 86 Baldock, Carlisle, Claydon Pike, Tap Slags and Hearth Bottoms 87 Danebury, Flag Fen, Gorhambury, Hazleton 88 Beddington, Down with winter digging!, Fletton, Frocester, R-B Urban Topography, Sussex, Thorpe Thewles 89 Christchurch, Cirencester, Gloucester, Goodbye New Archaeology? Hengistbury Head, Peterborough, Rollright Stones, Roman Tile and Brick 90 Jura, Milton Keynes, Oa'thank 91 Anglo-Saxon Church, Beeston Castle, Dalmore, Northampton, Skerne 92 Ardnadam, Causewayed camps, Donegore, Marden, Salisbury Museum, Sussex 93 Balfarg London, Pontnewydd, Reading, Silk, Tybrind Vig, Wetwang 94 Dail na Caraidh, Earrings, Roofs, Street House, Yorkshire Barrows 95 Carthage, Medieval town walls, Oxfordshire, Prehistoric Society, Sutton Hoo, Wetwang 96 Dencirochronology, Etton, Flag Fen, Hadrian's Wall, Maxey, Navan Fort, Whithorn 97 Balfarg, Bawsey, Butley, Dorchester, Environmental Archaeology, Jeciburgh, MSC Regulations, Stanwick 98 Canterbury, Curraghtarsna, Hartfield, Haverhill, North York Moors, Samian Ware, Stonehenge 99 Hasholme, Maryport, Metallurgy, Navan fort, Peel Castle, Sompting, Stanwell/Heathrow 100 Addyman (Peter), Biddle (Martin), Cunliffe (Barry), Renfrew (Colin), Wainwright (Geoffrey), History of Archaeological Periodicals 101 Aylesbury, Carlisle, Deal Man, St Albans 102 Brean Down, Castle Donnirigton, Flue Tiles, Langdale, Winchester 103 Buxton, Colchester, Ewanrigg, Garton Station 104 Elgirthaugh, Hartlepool, Redcliffe, York - Anglian 105 CIA, Caxton, Ice-houses, Lindow Moss, Roxby, Roystone Grange, Temple Balsa11 106 Irthlingborough, Pontefract, Raunds, Soutra, Stanstead, Stanwick, West Cotton 108 Burgh by Sands, Capel Maelog, Lofts Farm, Peel Gap, Springfield, Voluntary Contribution 113 Barra (Hebrides), Deer Park Farms, Palaeolithic, Piercebridge, Sandwell, Usk 115 Cumbria, Holme project, London, Monmouth, Rook Hall, Waveney Valley 116 Hadrian's Wall special issue 117 Special 'Disaster' issue on dendrochronology, Piddington, Pycombe, Stansted 118 Haddenham, Snape, Sutton Hoo, West Kennet 119 Derrynallan, Flag Fen, Islay, Pumsaint, Stanwick 120 Colchester, Dolforwyn, Sand Fiold, St Albans and **121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 (no contents list)	£1.20 each Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref:  CZ2 Current Archaeology	Duplicate run: 36-60, 66-77, 79-94, 96-100 [i.e. 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100]	£2.00 each Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref: CY1 Essex Countryside	Bound copies of the following: (4)  Mar 1962 – Mar 1963 (5)  Apr 1963 – Jan 1964 (6)  Feb – Oct 1964 (7)  Dec 1964 – Dec 1965 (8)  Jan – Dec 1966 (9)  Jan – Dec 1967  (except Aug 1967) (10)                     Jan – Nov 1968 (11)                     Jan – Dec 1969 (12)                     Jan – Dec 1970 (13)                     Jan – Dec 1971 (except Dec) (14)                     Jan 1974 – Sep 1975 (15)                     Jan – Dec 1976 (16)                     Jan – Aug 1977 (17)                     Jan – Dec 1979 Loose copies of (1)  Jan – Dec 1969 (2)  Jan – Dec 1972 (except May) (3)  Jan – Dec 1973 (except May) (4)  Jan – Dec 1974 (5)  Duplicate: Jan – Mar 1974 (6)  Jan – Dec 1975 (7)  Jan – Dec 1976 (8)  Duplicate: Jan – Dec 1976 (9)  Jan – Oct 1978 (10)                     Mar 1983 – Dec 1984 Box of 5 empty Essex Countryside binders	£1.50 each Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref:  CA6* History (Journal of the Historical Society)	Nos. 176, 177, 182, 184, 186 (Oct 1967-Feb 1975)	£2.50 each
Ref:  CA7* History Today	Years: 1959, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1978	50p each monthly copy (£5.00 for a calendar year)plus postage and packaging
Ref:  CE1* History Today	Years: 1966, 1967, 1971, 1973	50p each monthly copy (£5.00 for a calendar year)plus postage and packaging Buy a copy or make enquiry
Ref: CA8* Institute of Archaeology Bulletin	Nos 13-18 (1976-1981) [i.e. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]	£2.50 each
Ref:  CH1 Popular Archaeology	June 1979 – Aug 1984 (except Apr 1982 & June 1982)	£2.00 each
Ref:  CH2 Popular Archaeology	Duplicates:   Aug 1979 – Jul 1980, Aug 1982	£2.00 each
Ref:  CFG* Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society	1969 vol 35; 1970 vol 36; 1971 vol 37 (parts 1&2); 1972 vol 38; 1973 vol 39; 1974 vol 40 ; 1975 vol 41; 1976 vol 42; 1977 vol 43; 1978 vol 44; 1979 vol 45; 1980 vol 46  [Contents :  Vols 39-46;  Vols 35-38]	£7.00 each
Ref:  CH3 Suffolk Review	Vol 4 No 5 Summer 1977  (4 identical copies)	£1.50 each
Ref:  CA10* World Archaeology	Vols 1-3 (9 numbers) 1969-72.	£3.00 each